Pediatric Hoverboard and Skateboard Injuries.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the characteristics of hoverboard injuries compared with skateboard injuries in children presenting to US emergency departments (EDs). METHODS: Data regarding hoverboard and skateboard injuries in children <18 years of age were obtained from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System for calendar years 2015 and 2016. Data included demographics, body regions injured, and ED disposition. RESULTS: There were an estimated 26 854 hoverboard and 121 398 skateboard injuries treated in US EDs between 2015 and 2016. The mean and median ages for hoverboard and skateboard injuries were 11 and 13 years, respectively. In both groups, boys were more commonly injured. The majority of hoverboard injuries occurred at home, whereas skateboard injuries occurred on the street. The wrists were the most common injured body part, and fractures were the most common diagnosis in both groups. The majority of patients in both groups were discharged from the hospital. Approximately 3% of the patients with skateboard injuries and hoverboard injuries were admitted to the hospital. CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of injuries among hoverboard riders and skateboarders was similar. Fractures, contusions, and sprains and/or strains were the most common types of injuries in both riders. However, there was a higher number of sprains and/or strains in skateboarders when compared with hoverboard users. This difference may be attributed to the way users ride these boards. Fractures were the most common reason for hospital admission for both toys. By elucidating the characteristics of hoverboard injuries, preventive measures can be implemented to decrease the incidence of these injuries as well as ED visits.

Atypical Presentation of Cervical Carcinoma With Cerebral Metastasis.

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women, but cerebral metastasis from cervical carcinoma is a rare event with a reported incidence of 0.57%. CASE REPORT: We describe a case of brain metastasis from primary cervical adenocarcinoma with several distinct features. This case illustrates uncommon presenting neurologic symptoms, a rare combination of histopathologic features, and atypical findings on radiographic evaluation. CONCLUSION: Clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for cerebral metastasis to make an accurate diagnosis and initiate appropriate management of advanced cervical cancer.

Increase in moped injuries requiring emergency care.

BACKGROUND: There has been a marked increased in moped use over the past few years. In addition, there has been an increase in moped-related injuries presenting to the emergency department (ED). The objective of this study is to characterize moped-related injuries presenting to US EDs and obtain national estimates of moped injury incidence over time. METHODS: Data regarding moped injuries were queried from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System from calendar year 2007 to 2015. Data included diagnosis, body part injured, ED disposition, and patient demographics. RESULTS: There were an estimated 114 729 moped-related injuries treated in US EDs from 2007 to 2015 (95% confidence interval, 102 156-127 302). In addition, there was an increase in the number of moped injuries annually (B = 762.1, P < .01). The average number of moped injuries yearly was 12 748. The mean age was 34 years. Patients between ages 19 and 38 years represented 42% of the study population. Men (74%) and whites (55%) accounted for most of the injured population. Most injuries were stabilized in the ED and discharged home (85%). Approximately 9% of injuries were admitted to the hospital, and fractures constituted 59% of all diagnoses admitted to the hospital. Contusions (27%) and fractures (24%) accounted for most diagnoses. The most common body part injured was the head (16%). CONCLUSIONS: Moped injuries have increased since 2007 and mopeds are associated with severe injuries. Education and reexamination of current moped laws may decrease the number and severity of moped-related injuries.

Characteristics of United States Emergency Department Visits for Traumatic Amputations in the Elderly Adult from 2010 to 2013.

BACKGROUND: Elderly adults (65 years of age and older) are of particular concern for traumatic amputations due to age-related changes in vision and coordination, making them more susceptible to injury. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to describe the epidemiology of traumatic amputations in the elderly adults treated in United States emergency departments (ED). DESIGN: A retrospective analysis using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System from 2010 to 2013. PARTICIPANTS: People aged 65 years and older treated in U.S. hospital EDs for traumatic amputations from 2010 to 2013. RESULTS: There were 15,611 elderly patients treated for amputations from 2010 to 2013, averaging 3,902 amputations per year in the United States. The frequency of amputations declined with increasing age. The mean age was 74 years old. Males represented 84% of the cohort. The majority of the injuries that were recorded took place at home (71%). The most common associated consumer products were saws, lawnmowers, and doors. Saws accounted for approximately 45% of amputations. In females, doors were the most common consumer product associated with amputations. Approximately 45% of amputations were complete amputations. The most common digit to be amputated was the thumb (24%). Approximately 72% of the cases in the cohort were treated and released from the ED. CONCLUSION: Traumatic amputations in elderly adults were frequently due to saws and lawnmowers. An increase in injury prevention efforts in this patient population is warranted.

Tricycle Injuries Presenting to US Emergency Departments, 2012-2013.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of tricycle-related injuries in children presenting to US emergency departments (EDs). METHODS: Data regarding tricycle injuries in children younger than 18 years of age were obtained from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System for calendar years 2012 and 2013. Data included body regions injured, ED disposition, and demographics. RESULTS: There were an estimated 9340 tricycle-related injuries treated in US EDs from 2012 to 2013. The average age was 3 years. Children 2 years of age had the highest frequency of injuries. Boys accounted for 63.6% of all injuries. Children 1 to 2 years of age represented 51.9% of all injuries. Lacerations were the most common type of injury. Internal organ damage was the most common type of injury in 3- and 5-year-olds. Contusions were the most common type of injury in 1- and 7-year-olds. The head was the most commonly injured region of the body and the most common region to endure internal damage. The elbows were the most commonly fractured body part. The upper extremity was more frequently fractured than the lower extremity. Approximately 2.4% of all injured children were admitted to the hospital. CONCLUSIONS: The upper extremity of children, particularly the elbow, was more frequently fractured than the lower extremity. The head was the most common body part to endure internal damage. By elucidating the characteristics of tricycle-related injuries, preventive measures can be implemented to decrease the incidence of tricycle-related injuries and ED visits.

Crohn's disease: a review of treatment options and current research.

Crohn's disease is an autoimmune disorder that affects nearly 1.4 million Americans. The etiology of Crohn's disease is not completely understood, however, research has suggested a genetic link. There is currently no known cure for Crohn's disease and, as a result, most government-funded research is being conducted to increase the quality of life of afflicted patients (i.e. reducing chronic inflammation and alleviating growth impairment in pediatric patients). A number of treatment options are available including an alpha-4 integrin inhibitor and several TNF-alpha inhibitors. Furthermore, research is being conducted on several alternative treatment options to help understand exactly which cellular mechanisms (i.e. inducing apoptosis in leukocytes) are required for clinical efficacy. This review seeks to chronicle the current available treatment options for patients affected by Crohn's disease to aid in understanding potential cellular mechanistic requirements for an efficacious drug, and shed light on potential options for future treatment.